Long run economic mobility.

Summary Economic mobility is one of the aspirations of any modern society, but how can we know the true evolution of social mobility? That is, 1) can we measure social mobility with the data or technology available today? 2) what are the patterns of social mobility that have crossed the current generation? Or 3) how mobile is today's society compared to past generations? These are the three questions that form the basis of this thesis. We argue here that it is possible to learn more about the evolution of social mobility by restricting its analysis to a few dimensions in the field of economics: income and education. The first article addresses the problem of the lack of data necessary for the analysis of income dynamics within a generation. It is a fact that longitudinal data are scarce and not widely available in most countries, and this is true even for developed countries! We have tried to piece together this puzzle using recent methodological approaches, such as "synthetic panels", a methodology normally used for the analysis of poverty dynamics. Papers two and three describe, more specifically, long-term trends in economic mobility for income and education, respectively. The second paper deals with intra-generational mobility, while the third is dedicated to intergenerational mobility. Both answer questions two and three above, seeking to improve the way in which the temporary dimension is included in the analysis of economic well-being, with the aim of reproducing the effect of a film made with several shots. This thesis seeks to broaden the experimental knowledge on economic mobility, as most studies only consider a few years of intra-generational mobility or just a few generations. Furthermore, most of the results of existing experiments refer to Scandinavian countries or highly industrialized countries. For this thesis we have therefore taken the example of Mexico, but the approaches and methodological principles used can be applied to any other country. The paths of our lives are in perpetual motion: up and down. In a democratic society, it seems useful to know if our social belonging allows us to get by despite our origins, or if, on the contrary, our destiny is doomed to failure because of them. Indeed, we need empirical results to answer these deliberations. This thesis is perhaps a daring invitation to start that conversation.