Education policy, inequalities and student achievement.

Summary This dissertation analyzes the effectiveness of public policies in achieving their three main objectives: attracting and retaining quality teachers, helping teachers improve, and matching teachers to students in order to reduce educational inequalities. Compared to most of the existing academic literature devoted to educational policies for teachers, this thesis broadens the scope of analysis to the role of actors little studied in the literature: recruitment exam juries, school inspectors and school principals, but also substitute teachers, whether they are tenured or contractual, and finally extends the discussion to the educational system as a whole through the analysis of a non-monetary incentive mechanism put in place to attract and retain teachers in disadvantaged schools.